Turbinates

Horizontal columns of bone and tissue on the inside of the nose. There are three levels: Inferior, middle, and superior. The inferior is the largest of the three, and it is the turbinate most likely to cause nasal obstruction. Turbinoplasty or turbinate reduction is reduction in the size of the inferior turbinate. This is often done during rhinoplasty for breathing purposes. It can be done in a number of ways including outfracture, submucous resection (removing some of the underlying bone), cautery (burning it), etc.

turbinates

endoscopic-view
An endoscopic view from inside the nose, right in front of the inferior turbinate.